Basics of Python

Python is a high-level, interpreted programming language known for its simplicity, readability, and versatility. Created by Guido van Rossum and first released in 1991, Python emphasizes code readability with its clear and concise syntax, making it an ideal language for beginners and experienced programmers alike.

 

Data types in Python:

  • ·      Integer denoted by int

        It occupies 2 bytes to 4 bytes

  • ·      Float denoted by float

        It occupies 4 bytes

  • ·      String denoted by str

        It occupies 1 byte per character

 

Operators in Python:

1.     Arithmetic:

     + , - , * , / , // , % are the arithmetic operators

     a/b : Provides quotient in Decimal

     a//b : Provides quotient in int

     a%b : Provides remainder

 

Example:

a=10 , b=20

a / b = 3.0

a // b = 3

a % b = 1

 

2.     Logical:

    and , or and not are Logical Operators

 

3.     Relational:

     < , > , <= , >= , == , != are Relational Operators


4.     Bitwise:

     & , | , ^ , << , >> are Bitwise Operators

 

Example:

a = << 8

 

16    8    4    2    1

        1    0    0    0

----------------------

1      0    0    0    0

 

a will be equal to 16 i.e. a=16


5.     Membership:

     in and not in are Membership Operators

 

Input Output statements in Python:

  • ·      input() – Takes input from the user always in string format and hence always needs to be type casted into the required data type.

 

        To input an number we write:

        a = int ( input ( “Enter a number” ) )

        b = float ( input ( “Enter a number” ) )

 

  • ·      print() – Prints the content on the terminal

 

        Printing types:

1.     fstring

Let add and mul be variables holding their respective value.

print( f ” Addition : { add } \n Product : { mul } “ )


2.     Format Method

Let add and mul be variables holding their respective value.

print ( “ Add  : {} \n Product : {} \n “. format( add , mul ) )

 

3.     % Operator

Let add and mul be variables holding their respective value.

print ( “ Add : %d \n Product : %d “, % ( add , mul ) )